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4.7 KiB
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4.7 KiB
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{"schema_version":"1.9.0","id":"GHSA-w9pc-fmgc-vxvw","published":"2025-10-07T17:27:07Z","modified":"2026-09-10T03:50:30.326446730Z","aliases":["CVE-2025-61771"],"summary":"Rack: Multipart parser buffers large non‑file fields entirely in memory, enabling DoS (memory exhaustion)","details":"## Summary\n\n`Rack::Multipart::Parser` stores non-file form fields (parts without a `filename`) entirely in memory as Ruby `String` objects. A single large text field in a multipart/form-data request (hundreds of megabytes or more) can consume equivalent process memory, potentially leading to out-of-memory (OOM) conditions and denial of service (DoS).\n\n## Details\n\nDuring multipart parsing, file parts are streamed to temporary files, but non-file parts are buffered into memory:\n\n```ruby\nbody = String.new # non-file → in-RAM buffer\n@mime_parts[mime_index].body << content\n```\n\nThere is no size limit on these in-memory buffers. As a result, any large text field—while technically valid—will be loaded fully into process memory before being added to `params`.\n\n## Impact\n\nAttackers can send large non-file fields to trigger excessive memory usage. Impact scales with request size and concurrency, potentially leading to worker crashes or severe garbage-collection overhead. All Rack applications processing multipart form submissions are affected.\n\n## Mitigation\n\n* **Upgrade:** Use a patched version of Rack that enforces a reasonable size cap for non-file fields (e.g., 2 MiB).\n* **Workarounds:**\n * Restrict maximum request body size at the web-server or proxy layer (e.g., Nginx `client_max_body_size`).\n * Validate and reject unusually large form fields at the application level.","affected":[{"package":{"name":"rack","ecosystem":"RubyGems","purl":"pkg:gem/rack"},"ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"2.2.19"}]}],"versions":["0.1.0","0.2.0","0.3.0","0.4.0","0.9.0","0.9.1","1.0.0","1.0.1","1.1.0","1.1.1","1.1.1.pre","1.1.2","1.1.3","1.1.4","1.1.5","1.1.6","1.2.0","1.2.1","1.2.2","1.2.3","1.2.4","1.2.5","1.2.6","1.2.7","1.2.8","1.3.0","1.3.0.beta","1.3.0.beta2","1.3.1","1.3.10","1.3.2","1.3.3","1.3.4","1.3.5","1.3.6","1.3.7","1.3.8","1.3.9","1.4.0","1.4.1","1.4.2","1.4.3","1.4.4","1.4.5","1.4.6","1.4.7","1.5.0","1.5.0.beta.1","1.5.0.beta.2","1.5.1","1.5.2","1.5.3","1.5.4","1.5.5","1.6.0","1.6.0.beta","1.6.0.beta2","1.6.1","1.6.10","1.6.11","1.6.12","1.6.13","1.6.2","1.6.3","1.6.4","1.6.5","1.6.6","1.6.7","1.6.8","1.6.9","2.0.0.alpha","2.0.0.rc1","2.0.1","2.0.2","2.0.3","2.0.4","2.0.5","2.0.6","2.0.7","2.0.8","2.0.9","2.0.9.1","2.0.9.2","2.0.9.3","2.0.9.4","2.1.0","2.1.1","2.1.2","2.1.3","2.1.4","2.1.4.1","2.1.4.2","2.1.4.3","2.1.4.4","2.2.0","2.2.1","2.2.10","2.2.11","2.2.12","2.2.13","2.2.14","2.2.15","2.2.16","2.2.17","2.2.18","2.2.2","2.2.3","2.2.3.1","2.2.4","2.2.5","2.2.6","2.2.6.1","2.2.6.2","2.2.6.3","2.2.6.4","2.2.7","2.2.8","2.2.8.1","2.2.9"],"database_specific":{"source":"https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2025/10/GHSA-w9pc-fmgc-vxvw/GHSA-w9pc-fmgc-vxvw.json"}},{"package":{"name":"rack","ecosystem":"RubyGems","purl":"pkg:gem/rack"},"ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"3.1"},{"fixed":"3.1.17"}]}],"versions":["3.1.0","3.1.1","3.1.10","3.1.11","3.1.12","3.1.13","3.1.14","3.1.15","3.1.16","3.1.2","3.1.3","3.1.4","3.1.5","3.1.6","3.1.7","3.1.8","3.1.9"],"database_specific":{"source":"https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2025/10/GHSA-w9pc-fmgc-vxvw/GHSA-w9pc-fmgc-vxvw.json"}},{"package":{"name":"rack","ecosystem":"RubyGems","purl":"pkg:gem/rack"},"ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"3.2"},{"fixed":"3.2.2"}]}],"versions":["3.2.0","3.2.1"],"database_specific":{"source":"https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2025/10/GHSA-w9pc-fmgc-vxvw/GHSA-w9pc-fmgc-vxvw.json"}}],"references":[{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/GHSA-w9pc-fmgc-vxvw"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-61771"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/589127f4ac8b5cf11cf88fb0cd116ffed4d2181e"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/d869fed663b113b95a74ad53e1b5cae6ab31f29e"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/e08f78c656c9394d6737c022bde087e0f33336fd"},{"type":"PACKAGE","url":"https://github.com/rack/rack"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/rack/CVE-2025-61771.yml"}],"database_specific":{"cwe_ids":["CWE-400"],"github_reviewed":true,"github_reviewed_at":"2025-10-07T17:27:07Z","nvd_published_at":"2025-10-07T15:16:03Z","severity":"HIGH"},"severity":[{"type":"CVSS_V3","score":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"}]} |