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vuln-cve/data/2026/98xxx/CVE-2026-98541.json
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{
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2",
"cveMetadata": {
"cveId": "CVE-2026-98541",
"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"state": "PUBLISHED",
"assignerShortName": "Linux",
"dateReserved": "2026-09-25T10:25:14.356Z",
"datePublished": "2026-10-18T15:18:09.190Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-19T09:21:24.620Z"
},
"containers": {
"cna": {
"providerMetadata": {
"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"shortName": "Linux",
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-19T09:21:24.620Z"
},
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nfou: reject omitted FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO on FOU_ENCAP_DIRECT\n\nCommit 7a9bc9e3f423 (\"fou: Don't allow 0 for FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO.\") added\nNLA_POLICY_MIN(NLA_U8, 1) to fou_nl_policy[FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO], which\nrejects an explicitly supplied FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO == 0 attribute with\n-ERANGE.\n\nHowever, FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO is an optional netlink attribute. When a user\nsends FOU_CMD_ADD with FOU_ATTR_TYPE set to FOU_ENCAP_DIRECT and omits\nFOU_ATTR_IPPROTO entirely, nla_policy validation succeeds and\nparse_nl_config() leaves cfg->protocol as 0 (from memset(cfg, 0,\nsizeof(*cfg))). fou_create() then creates a FOU_ENCAP_DIRECT socket with\nfou->protocol == 0.\n\nIn fou_udp_recv(), returning -fou->protocol to udp_queue_rcv_one_skb()\ntriggers IP protocol resubmission when fou->protocol > 0, whereas\nreturning 0 tells the UDP tunnel layer that the skb was consumed without\nfreeing it. When fou->protocol == 0, every packet received on the socket\nreturns 0 from fou_udp_recv() and leaks the sk_buff.\n\nReject FOU_ENCAP_DIRECT when !cfg->protocol in fou_create() so that\ncreating a direct encapsulation port without FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO fails with\n-EINVAL while leaving FOU_CMD_DEL and FOU_CMD_GET (which share\nparse_nl_config()) unaffected.\n\nTested in QEMU against Linux 7.3.0-rc3 by sending a FOU_CMD_ADD Generic\nNetlink request with FOU_ATTR_PORT = 5555 and FOU_ATTR_TYPE =\nFOU_ENCAP_DIRECT while omitting FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO. On the unfixed kernel,\nFOU_CMD_ADD succeeds (err = 0), FOU_CMD_GET reports fou->type = 1 and\nfou->protocol = 0, and sending 4000 UDP packets to 127.0.0.1:5555 leaks\nall 4000 sk_buffs (SUnreclaim in /proc/meminfo grows from 41456 kB to\n59008 kB, +17552 kB); with this patch applied, FOU_CMD_ADD is rejected\nwith -EINVAL (-22)."
}
],
"affected": [
{
"product": "Linux",
"vendor": "Linux",
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"programFiles": [
"net/ipv4/fou_core.c"
],
"versions": [
{
"version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
"lessThan": "fd20220f86947d66d4dba2d76f13a28dbd86ef30",
"status": "affected",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
"lessThan": "46b1ffb7e169c7e401dd890b29e55dbc261f8f01",
"status": "affected",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
"lessThan": "7f4ba56f5d310dd018972916167985010a5d66a1",
"status": "affected",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
"lessThan": "3bcc1624cc1cdcc05b566475d6e848093ab2a8f6",
"status": "affected",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
"lessThan": "8b43f40798bb2758489fbbcae7e841ad4443c213",
"status": "affected",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
"lessThan": "b1229b210ef5a39c58be665e6798203751411842",
"status": "affected",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
"lessThan": "520cf06b8ea0ba5bcc1b8b982ef07f02b5e56221",
"status": "affected",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
"lessThan": "d22609f3d13fc5baacd92c222731b03c593401db",
"status": "affected",
"versionType": "git"
}
]
},
{
"product": "Linux",
"vendor": "Linux",
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"programFiles": [
"net/ipv4/fou_core.c"
],
"versions": [
{
"version": "3.18",
"status": "affected"
},
{
"version": "0",
"lessThan": "3.18",
"status": "unaffected",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"version": "5.10.271",
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"version": "5.15.222",
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"version": "6.1.189",
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"version": "6.6.158",
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"version": "6.12.112",
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"version": "6.18.55",
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"version": "7.2.9",
"lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"version": "7.3",
"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"operator": "OR",
"negate": false,
"cpeMatch": [
{
"vulnerable": true,
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.10.271"
},
{
"vulnerable": true,
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.15.222"
},
{
"vulnerable": true,
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.1.189"
},
{
"vulnerable": true,
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.6.158"
},
{
"vulnerable": true,
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.12.112"
},
{
"vulnerable": true,
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.18.55"
},
{
"vulnerable": true,
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
"versionEndExcluding": "7.2.9"
},
{
"vulnerable": true,
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
"versionEndExcluding": "7.3"
}
]
}
]
}
],
"references": [
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fd20220f86947d66d4dba2d76f13a28dbd86ef30"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/46b1ffb7e169c7e401dd890b29e55dbc261f8f01"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7f4ba56f5d310dd018972916167985010a5d66a1"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3bcc1624cc1cdcc05b566475d6e848093ab2a8f6"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8b43f40798bb2758489fbbcae7e841ad4443c213"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b1229b210ef5a39c58be665e6798203751411842"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/520cf06b8ea0ba5bcc1b8b982ef07f02b5e56221"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d22609f3d13fc5baacd92c222731b03c593401db"
}
],
"title": "fou: reject omitted FOU_ATTR_IPPROTO on FOU_ENCAP_DIRECT",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
}
}
}
}
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