314 lines
17 KiB
JSON
314 lines
17 KiB
JSON
{
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"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
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"dataVersion": "5.2",
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"cveMetadata": {
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"cveId": "CVE-2026-65625",
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"assignerOrgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
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"state": "PUBLISHED",
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"assignerShortName": "EEF",
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"dateReserved": "2026-07-22T13:55:59.401Z",
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"datePublished": "2026-10-26T19:52:54.987Z",
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"dateUpdated": "2026-11-02T19:43:05.255Z"
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},
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"containers": {
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"cna": {
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"affected": [
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{
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"collectionURL": "https://repo.hex.pm",
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"cpes": [
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"cpe:2.3:a:potatosalad:jose:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
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],
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"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
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"modules": [
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"jose_jwa_aes"
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],
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"packageName": "jose",
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"packageURL": "pkg:hex/jose",
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"product": "jose",
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"programFiles": [
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"src/jwa/jose_jwa_aes.erl"
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],
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"programRoutines": [
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{
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"name": "jose_jwa_aes:block_decrypt/4"
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},
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{
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"name": "jose_jwa_aes:gcm_block_decrypt/6"
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}
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],
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"repo": "https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose",
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"vendor": "potatosalad",
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"versions": [
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{
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"lessThan": "1.11.13",
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"status": "affected",
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"version": "1.2.0",
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"versionType": "semver"
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}
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]
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},
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{
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"collectionURL": "https://github.com",
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"cpes": [
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"cpe:2.3:a:potatosalad:jose:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
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],
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"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
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"modules": [
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"jose_jwa_aes"
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],
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"packageName": "potatosalad/erlang-jose",
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"packageURL": "pkg:github/potatosalad/erlang-jose",
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"product": "jose",
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"programFiles": [
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"src/jwa/jose_jwa_aes.erl"
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],
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"programRoutines": [
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{
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"name": "jose_jwa_aes:block_decrypt/4"
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},
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{
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"name": "jose_jwa_aes:gcm_block_decrypt/6"
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}
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],
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"repo": "https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose",
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"vendor": "potatosalad",
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"versions": [
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{
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"lessThan": "3fa1f8e3efda0da5ce6f4c9984789f979dc02740",
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"status": "affected",
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"version": "8848b172575fb7d7e1e2977e8ae0a21678d2157a",
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"versionType": "git"
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}
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]
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}
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],
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"configurations": [
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{
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"lang": "en",
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"supportingMedia": [
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{
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"base64": false,
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"type": "text/html",
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"value": "<p>This vulnerability is only exploitable when AES-GCM is handled by the pure-Erlang <code>jose_jwa_aes</code> fallback. That fallback is used on deployments where the Erlang/OTP <code>crypto</code> NIF does not expose native AES-GCM (for example FIPS builds, or stripped or older OTP releases). Deployments with a native AES-GCM crypto provider dispatch GCM through <code>crypto</code> and are not affected.</p>"
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},
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{
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"base64": false,
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"type": "text/markdown",
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"value": "This vulnerability is only exploitable when AES-GCM is handled by the pure-Erlang `jose_jwa_aes` fallback. That fallback is used on deployments where the Erlang/OTP `crypto` NIF does not expose native AES-GCM (for example FIPS builds, or stripped or older OTP releases). Deployments with a native AES-GCM crypto provider dispatch GCM through `crypto` and are not affected."
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}
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],
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"value": "This vulnerability is only exploitable when AES-GCM is handled by the pure-Erlang jose_jwa_aes fallback. That fallback is used on deployments where the Erlang/OTP crypto NIF does not expose native AES-GCM (for example FIPS builds, or stripped or older OTP releases). Deployments with a native AES-GCM crypto provider dispatch GCM through crypto and are not affected."
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}
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],
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"cpeApplicability": [
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{
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"nodes": [
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{
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"cpeMatch": [
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{
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"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:potatosalad:jose:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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"versionEndExcluding": "1.11.13",
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"versionStartIncluding": "1.2.0",
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"vulnerable": true
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}
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],
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"negate": false,
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"operator": "OR"
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}
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],
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"operator": "AND"
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}
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],
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"credits": [
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{
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"lang": "en",
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"type": "reporter",
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"value": "Peter Ullrich"
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},
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{
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"lang": "en",
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"type": "remediation developer",
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"value": "Andrew Bennett"
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},
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{
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"lang": "en",
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"type": "analyst",
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"value": "Jonatan Männchen / EEF"
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}
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],
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"descriptions": [
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{
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"lang": "en",
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"supportingMedia": [
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{
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"base64": false,
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"type": "text/html",
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"value": "<p>The pure-Erlang AES-GCM fallback in <code>jose_jwa_aes</code> derives the number of verified authentication tag bits from the attacker-supplied tag itself. In the <code>{aes_gcm, Bits}</code> clause of <code>block_decrypt/4</code>, the incoming tag is guarded only by <code>is_binary/1</code>, with no check on its length. Verification in <code>gcm_block_decrypt/6</code> then computes <code>TBits = bit_size(T)</code> and compares only those bits of the real 128-bit tag. An attacker who controls a JWE token can truncate the authentication tag to as little as 8 bits, so only 8 bits are ever checked. This reduces forgery resistance from 2^-128 to 2^-8, and a forged ciphertext is reliably accepted as authentic within 256 attempts without knowledge of the key (an authentication tag forgery and integrity bypass). Supplying a tag longer than 128 bits instead causes a badmatch that crashes the decrypting process. The fallback is reached through the public JWE decryption path whenever AES-GCM is not provided by a native crypto NIF, for example on FIPS or stripped or older OTP builds.</p>\n<p>This issue affects jose: from 1.2.0 before 1.11.13.</p>"
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},
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{
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"base64": false,
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"type": "text/markdown",
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"value": "The pure-Erlang AES-GCM fallback in `jose_jwa_aes` derives the number of verified authentication tag bits from the attacker-supplied tag itself. In the `{aes_gcm, Bits}` clause of `block_decrypt/4`, the incoming tag is guarded only by `is_binary/1`, with no check on its length. Verification in `gcm_block_decrypt/6` then computes `TBits = bit_size(T)` and compares only those bits of the real 128-bit tag. An attacker who controls a JWE token can truncate the authentication tag to as little as 8 bits, so only 8 bits are ever checked. This reduces forgery resistance from 2^-128 to 2^-8, and a forged ciphertext is reliably accepted as authentic within 256 attempts without knowledge of the key (an authentication tag forgery and integrity bypass). Supplying a tag longer than 128 bits instead causes a badmatch that crashes the decrypting process. The fallback is reached through the public JWE decryption path whenever AES-GCM is not provided by a native crypto NIF, for example on FIPS or stripped or older OTP builds.\n\nThis issue affects jose: from 1.2.0 before 1.11.13."
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}
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],
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"value": "The pure-Erlang AES-GCM fallback in jose_jwa_aes derives the number of verified authentication tag bits from the attacker-supplied tag itself. In the {aes_gcm, Bits} clause of block_decrypt/4, the incoming tag is guarded only by is_binary/1, with no check on its length. Verification in gcm_block_decrypt/6 then computes TBits = bit_size(T) and compares only those bits of the real 128-bit tag. An attacker who controls a JWE token can truncate the authentication tag to as little as 8 bits, so only 8 bits are ever checked. This reduces forgery resistance from 2^-128 to 2^-8, and a forged ciphertext is reliably accepted as authentic within 256 attempts without knowledge of the key (an authentication tag forgery and integrity bypass). Supplying a tag longer than 128 bits instead causes a badmatch that crashes the decrypting process. The fallback is reached through the public JWE decryption path whenever AES-GCM is not provided by a native crypto NIF, for example on FIPS or stripped or older OTP builds.\n\nThis issue affects jose: from 1.2.0 before 1.11.13."
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}
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],
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"impacts": [
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{
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"capecId": "CAPEC-475",
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"descriptions": [
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{
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"lang": "en",
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"value": "CAPEC-475 Signature Spoofing by Improper Validation"
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}
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]
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}
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],
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"metrics": [
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{
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"cvssV4_0": {
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"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
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"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
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"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
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"attackComplexity": "LOW",
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"attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
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"attackVector": "LOCAL",
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"baseScore": 5.9,
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"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
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"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
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"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
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"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
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"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
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"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
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"userInteraction": "NONE",
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"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
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"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
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"version": "4.0",
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"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
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"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
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"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
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"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
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},
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"format": "CVSS",
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"scenarios": [
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{
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"lang": "en",
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"value": "GENERAL"
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}
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]
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}
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],
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"problemTypes": [
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{
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"descriptions": [
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{
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"cweId": "CWE-354",
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"description": "CWE-354 Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value",
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"lang": "en",
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"type": "CWE"
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}
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]
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}
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],
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"providerMetadata": {
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"orgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
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"shortName": "EEF",
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"dateUpdated": "2026-10-26T19:52:54.987Z"
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},
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"references": [
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{
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"tags": [
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"vendor-advisory",
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"related"
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],
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"url": "https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/security/advisories/GHSA-6gxw-6f7r-cjr6"
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},
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{
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"name": "EEF CNA record for CVE-2026-65625",
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"tags": [
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"related"
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],
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"url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-65625.html"
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},
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{
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"name": "OSV record EEF-CVE-2026-65625",
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"tags": [
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"related"
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],
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"url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-65625"
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},
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{
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"name": "Introducing commit 8848b17 in potatosalad/erlang-jose",
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"tags": [
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"related"
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],
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"url": "https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/commit/8848b172575fb7d7e1e2977e8ae0a21678d2157a"
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},
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{
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"name": "Fix commit 3fa1f8e in potatosalad/erlang-jose",
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"tags": [
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"patch"
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],
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"url": "https://github.com/potatosalad/erlang-jose/commit/3fa1f8e3efda0da5ce6f4c9984789f979dc02740"
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}
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],
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"source": {
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"discovery": "EXTERNAL"
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},
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"title": "Attacker-controlled AES-GCM authentication tag length allows tag forgery in jose",
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"workarounds": [
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{
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"lang": "en",
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"supportingMedia": [
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{
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"base64": false,
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"type": "text/html",
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"value": "<p>Ensure the runtime provides a crypto provider with native AES-GCM support (a standard Erlang/OTP build linked against OpenSSL) so that JOSE dispatches AES-GCM to the native <code>crypto</code> NIF instead of the <code>jose_jwa_aes</code> fallback.</p>"
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},
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{
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"base64": false,
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"type": "text/markdown",
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"value": "Ensure the runtime provides a crypto provider with native AES-GCM support (a standard Erlang/OTP build linked against OpenSSL) so that JOSE dispatches AES-GCM to the native `crypto` NIF instead of the `jose_jwa_aes` fallback."
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}
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],
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"value": "Ensure the runtime provides a crypto provider with native AES-GCM support (a standard Erlang/OTP build linked against OpenSSL) so that JOSE dispatches AES-GCM to the native crypto NIF instead of the jose_jwa_aes fallback."
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}
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]
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},
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"adp": [
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{
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"metrics": [
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{
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"other": {
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"type": "ssvc",
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"content": {
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"id": "CVE-2026-65625",
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"role": "CISA Coordinator",
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"options": [
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{
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"Exploitation": "none"
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},
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{
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"Automatable": "no"
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},
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{
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"Technical Impact": "partial"
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}
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],
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"version": "2.0.3",
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"timestamp": "2026-11-02T18:37:20.109836Z"
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}
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}
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}
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],
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"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment",
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"providerMetadata": {
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"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
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"shortName": "CISA-ADP",
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"dateUpdated": "2026-11-02T19:43:05.255Z"
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}
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}
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]
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}
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} |