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{
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2",
"cveMetadata": {
"cveId": "CVE-2025-9961",
"assignerOrgId": "f23511db-6c3e-4e32-a477-6aa17d310630",
"state": "PUBLISHED",
"assignerShortName": "TPLink",
"dateReserved": "2025-09-03T17:19:40.584Z",
"datePublished": "2025-09-06T06:50:59.558Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-26T17:49:11.572Z"
},
"containers": {
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "AX10 V1/V1.2/V2/V2.6/V3/V3.6",
"vendor": "TP-Link Systems Inc.",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "1.2.1",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "AX1500 V1/V1.20/V1.26/V1.60/V1.80/V2.60/V3.6",
"vendor": "TP-Link Systems Inc.",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "1.3.11",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "<div>An authenticated attacker may remotely execute arbitrary code via the CWMP binary on the devices AX10 and AX1500.&nbsp;</div><div>The exploit can only be conducted via a Man-In-The-Middle (MITM) attack.&nbsp;</div><div>This issue affects AX10 V1/V1.2/V2/V2.6/V3/V3.6: before 1.2.1; AX1500 V1/V1.20/V1.26/V1.60/V1.80/V2.60/V3.6: before 1.3.11.</div>"
}
],
"value": "An authenticated attacker may remotely execute arbitrary code via the CWMP binary on the devices AX10 and AX1500. \n\nThe exploit can only be conducted via a Man-In-The-Middle (MITM) attack. \n\nThis issue affects AX10 V1/V1.2/V2/V2.6/V3/V3.6: before 1.2.1; AX1500 V1/V1.20/V1.26/V1.60/V1.80/V2.60/V3.6: before 1.3.11."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 8.6,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-120",
"description": "CWE-120 Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"orgId": "f23511db-6c3e-4e32-a477-6aa17d310630",
"shortName": "TPLink",
"dateUpdated": "2025-09-06T06:50:59.558Z"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://blog.byteray.co.uk/zero-day-alert-automated-discovery-of-critical-cwmp-stack-overflow-in-tp-link-routers-0bc495a08679"
},
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/faq/4647/"
},
{
"tags": [
"patch"
],
"url": "https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/download/archer-ax10/"
},
{
"tags": [
"patch"
],
"url": "https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/download/archer-ax1500/"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Authenticated RCE by CWMP binary",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
}
},
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"type": "ssvc",
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-9961",
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"version": "2.0.3",
"timestamp": "2025-09-09T03:55:19.533182Z"
}
}
}
],
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment",
"providerMetadata": {
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP",
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-26T17:49:11.572Z"
}
}
]
}
}