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vuln-cve/data/2025/40xxx/CVE-2025-40042.json
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{
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2",
"cveMetadata": {
"cveId": "CVE-2025-40042",
"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"state": "PUBLISHED",
"assignerShortName": "Linux",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.154Z",
"datePublished": "2025-10-28T11:48:21.638Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:41:21.533Z"
},
"containers": {
"cna": {
"providerMetadata": {
"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"shortName": "Linux",
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:41:21.533Z"
},
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ntracing: Fix race condition in kprobe initialization causing NULL pointer dereference\n\nThere is a critical race condition in kprobe initialization that can lead to\nNULL pointer dereference and kernel crash.\n\n[1135630.084782] Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address 0000710a04630000\n...\n[1135630.260314] pstate: 404003c9 (nZcv DAIF +PAN -UAO)\n[1135630.269239] pc : kprobe_perf_func+0x30/0x260\n[1135630.277643] lr : kprobe_dispatcher+0x44/0x60\n[1135630.286041] sp : ffffaeff4977fa40\n[1135630.293441] x29: ffffaeff4977fa40 x28: ffffaf015340e400\n[1135630.302837] x27: 0000000000000000 x26: 0000000000000000\n[1135630.312257] x25: ffffaf029ed108a8 x24: ffffaf015340e528\n[1135630.321705] x23: ffffaeff4977fc50 x22: ffffaeff4977fc50\n[1135630.331154] x21: 0000000000000000 x20: ffffaeff4977fc50\n[1135630.340586] x19: ffffaf015340e400 x18: 0000000000000000\n[1135630.349985] x17: 0000000000000000 x16: 0000000000000000\n[1135630.359285] x15: 0000000000000000 x14: 0000000000000000\n[1135630.368445] x13: 0000000000000000 x12: 0000000000000000\n[1135630.377473] x11: 0000000000000000 x10: 0000000000000000\n[1135630.386411] x9 : 0000000000000000 x8 : 0000000000000000\n[1135630.395252] x7 : 0000000000000000 x6 : 0000000000000000\n[1135630.403963] x5 : 0000000000000000 x4 : 0000000000000000\n[1135630.412545] x3 : 0000710a04630000 x2 : 0000000000000006\n[1135630.421021] x1 : ffffaeff4977fc50 x0 : 0000710a04630000\n[1135630.429410] Call trace:\n[1135630.434828] kprobe_perf_func+0x30/0x260\n[1135630.441661] kprobe_dispatcher+0x44/0x60\n[1135630.448396] aggr_pre_handler+0x70/0xc8\n[1135630.454959] kprobe_breakpoint_handler+0x140/0x1e0\n[1135630.462435] brk_handler+0xbc/0xd8\n[1135630.468437] do_debug_exception+0x84/0x138\n[1135630.475074] el1_dbg+0x18/0x8c\n[1135630.480582] security_file_permission+0x0/0xd0\n[1135630.487426] vfs_write+0x70/0x1c0\n[1135630.493059] ksys_write+0x5c/0xc8\n[1135630.498638] __arm64_sys_write+0x24/0x30\n[1135630.504821] el0_svc_common+0x78/0x130\n[1135630.510838] el0_svc_handler+0x38/0x78\n[1135630.516834] el0_svc+0x8/0x1b0\n\nkernel/trace/trace_kprobe.c: 1308\n0xffff3df8995039ec <kprobe_perf_func+0x2c>: ldr x21, [x24,#120]\ninclude/linux/compiler.h: 294\n0xffff3df8995039f0 <kprobe_perf_func+0x30>: ldr x1, [x21,x0]\n\nkernel/trace/trace_kprobe.c\n1308: head = this_cpu_ptr(call->perf_events);\n1309: if (hlist_empty(head))\n1310: \treturn 0;\n\ncrash> struct trace_event_call -o\nstruct trace_event_call {\n ...\n [120] struct hlist_head *perf_events; //(call->perf_event)\n ...\n}\n\ncrash> struct trace_event_call ffffaf015340e528\nstruct trace_event_call {\n ...\n perf_events = 0xffff0ad5fa89f088, //this value is correct, but x21 = 0\n ...\n}\n\nRace Condition Analysis:\n\nThe race occurs between kprobe activation and perf_events initialization:\n\n CPU0 CPU1\n ==== ====\n perf_kprobe_init\n perf_trace_event_init\n tp_event->perf_events = list;(1)\n tp_event->class->reg (2)← KPROBE ACTIVE\n Debug exception triggers\n ...\n kprobe_dispatcher\n kprobe_perf_func (tk->tp.flags & TP_FLAG_PROFILE)\n head = this_cpu_ptr(call->perf_events)(3)\n (perf_events is still NULL)\n\nProblem:\n1. CPU0 executes (1) assigning tp_event->perf_events = list\n2. CPU0 executes (2) enabling kprobe functionality via class->reg()\n3. CPU1 triggers and reaches kprobe_dispatcher\n4. CPU1 checks TP_FLAG_PROFILE - condition passes (step 2 completed)\n5. CPU1 calls kprobe_perf_func() and crashes at (3) because\n call->perf_events is still NULL\n\nCPU1 sees that kprobe functionality is enabled but does not see that\nperf_events has been assigned.\n\nAdd pairing read an\n---truncated---"
}
],
"affected": [
{
"product": "Linux",
"vendor": "Linux",
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"programFiles": [
"kernel/trace/trace_fprobe.c",
"kernel/trace/trace_kprobe.c",
"kernel/trace/trace_probe.h",
"kernel/trace/trace_uprobe.c"
],
"versions": [
{
"version": "50d780560785b068c358675c5f0bf6c83b5c373e",
"lessThan": "07926ce598a95de6fd874a74fb510e2ebdfd0aae",
"status": "affected",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"version": "50d780560785b068c358675c5f0bf6c83b5c373e",
"lessThan": "9c4951b691bb8d7a004acd010f45144391f85ea6",
"status": "affected",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"version": "50d780560785b068c358675c5f0bf6c83b5c373e",
"lessThan": "95dd33361061f808d1f68616d69ada639e737cfa",
"status": "affected",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"version": "50d780560785b068c358675c5f0bf6c83b5c373e",
"lessThan": "a6e89ada1ff6b70df73f579071ffa6ade8ae7f98",
"status": "affected",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"version": "50d780560785b068c358675c5f0bf6c83b5c373e",
"lessThan": "1a301228c0a8aedc3154fb1a274456f487416b96",
"status": "affected",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"version": "50d780560785b068c358675c5f0bf6c83b5c373e",
"lessThan": "0fa388ab2c290ef1115ff88ae88e881d0fb2db02",
"status": "affected",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"version": "50d780560785b068c358675c5f0bf6c83b5c373e",
"lessThan": "5ebea6561649d30ec7a18fea23d7f76738dae916",
"status": "affected",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"version": "50d780560785b068c358675c5f0bf6c83b5c373e",
"lessThan": "9cf9aa7b0acfde7545c1a1d912576e9bab28dc6f",
"status": "affected",
"versionType": "git"
}
]
},
{
"product": "Linux",
"vendor": "Linux",
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"programFiles": [
"kernel/trace/trace_fprobe.c",
"kernel/trace/trace_kprobe.c",
"kernel/trace/trace_probe.h",
"kernel/trace/trace_uprobe.c"
],
"versions": [
{
"version": "2.6.33",
"status": "affected"
},
{
"version": "0",
"lessThan": "2.6.33",
"status": "unaffected",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"version": "5.4.301",
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"version": "5.10.246",
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"version": "5.15.195",
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"version": "6.1.157",
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"version": "6.6.113",
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"version": "6.12.54",
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"version": "6.17.3",
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.17.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"version": "6.18",
"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"operator": "OR",
"negate": false,
"cpeMatch": [
{
"vulnerable": true,
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionStartIncluding": "2.6.33",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.4.301"
},
{
"vulnerable": true,
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionStartIncluding": "2.6.33",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.10.246"
},
{
"vulnerable": true,
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionStartIncluding": "2.6.33",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.15.195"
},
{
"vulnerable": true,
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionStartIncluding": "2.6.33",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.1.157"
},
{
"vulnerable": true,
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionStartIncluding": "2.6.33",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.6.113"
},
{
"vulnerable": true,
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionStartIncluding": "2.6.33",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.12.54"
},
{
"vulnerable": true,
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionStartIncluding": "2.6.33",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.17.3"
},
{
"vulnerable": true,
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionStartIncluding": "2.6.33",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.18"
}
]
}
]
}
],
"references": [
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/07926ce598a95de6fd874a74fb510e2ebdfd0aae"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9c4951b691bb8d7a004acd010f45144391f85ea6"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/95dd33361061f808d1f68616d69ada639e737cfa"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a6e89ada1ff6b70df73f579071ffa6ade8ae7f98"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1a301228c0a8aedc3154fb1a274456f487416b96"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0fa388ab2c290ef1115ff88ae88e881d0fb2db02"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5ebea6561649d30ec7a18fea23d7f76738dae916"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9cf9aa7b0acfde7545c1a1d912576e9bab28dc6f"
}
],
"title": "tracing: Fix race condition in kprobe initialization causing NULL pointer dereference",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
}
}
}
}
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