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vuln-cve/data/2025/39xxx/CVE-2025-39931.json
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{
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2",
"cveMetadata": {
"cveId": "CVE-2025-39931",
"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"state": "PUBLISHED",
"assignerShortName": "Linux",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.147Z",
"datePublished": "2025-10-04T07:30:55.964Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-11-10T12:37:16.988Z"
},
"containers": {
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"shortName": "Linux",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:06:10.490Z"
},
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ncrypto: af_alg - Set merge to zero early in af_alg_sendmsg\n\nIf an error causes af_alg_sendmsg to abort, ctx->merge may contain\na garbage value from the previous loop. This may then trigger a\ncrash on the next entry into af_alg_sendmsg when it attempts to do\na merge that can't be done.\n\nFix this by setting ctx->merge to zero near the start of the loop."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"version": "3.1",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH"
},
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "AV:L - AF_ALG is a local kernel-crypto socket interface reached via socket()/bind()/sendmsg() syscalls; there is no network exposure. Exploitation requires a local account to issue the syscalls.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both the error-aborting sendmsg (a fault in memcpy_from_msg or a forced allocation error is trivially induced) and the subsequent merge-triggering sendmsg, so the condition is reliably created; heap grooming for full exploitation is also within attacker control.\nPR:L - Creating and driving an AF_ALG socket requires no capabilities and passes no privilege check, so any basic unprivileged local user can reach the vulnerable path.\nUI:N - The entire sequence is performed by the attacker's own process with no victim action required.\nS:U - The corruption stays within the kernel's own security authority (standard local privilege escalation); no VM/IOMMU/sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The stale merge flag causes an out-of-bounds scatterlist read and a heap write primitive that can be leveraged to disclose kernel memory contents.\nI:H - The merge path performs an attacker-controlled write to an address derived from an out-of-bounds-read scatterlist entry, giving a heap out-of-bounds write suitable for control-flow hijacking/privilege escalation.\nA:H - The inconsistent tsgl state and wild write reliably cause kernel memory corruption and panic/oops."
}
]
}
],
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"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
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"status": "affected",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
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"lessThan": "9574b2330dbd2b5459b74d3b5e9619d39299fc6f",
"status": "affected",
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]
},
{
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"vendor": "Linux",
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"programFiles": [
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],
"versions": [
{
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"status": "affected"
},
{
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"status": "unaffected",
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{
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"status": "unaffected",
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{
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"version": "6.1.154",
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{
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"status": "unaffected",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"version": "6.17",
"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
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]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"operator": "OR",
"negate": false,
"cpeMatch": [
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"vulnerable": true,
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionStartIncluding": "2.6.38",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.10.260"
},
{
"vulnerable": true,
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],
"references": [
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/28f6f37abca7c5c9eb3959c66310f1d4d98b8aaf"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/db2b42425dfbde4983b0c20fb7cfa05f70e6a745"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6241b9e2809b12da9130894cf5beddf088dc1b8a"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2374c11189ef704a3e4863646369f1b8e6a27d71"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/24c1106504c625fabd3b7229611af617b4c27ac7"
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{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/045ee26aa3920a47ec46d7fcb302420bf01fd753"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9574b2330dbd2b5459b74d3b5e9619d39299fc6f"
}
],
"title": "crypto: af_alg - Set merge to zero early in af_alg_sendmsg",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
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},
"adp": [
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"providerMetadata": {
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"shortName": "siemens-SADP",
"dateUpdated": "2026-11-10T12:37:16.988Z"
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"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"options": [
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},
{
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{
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"version": "2.0.3",
"timestamp": "2026-10-15T21:54:45.882341Z"
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}
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]
}
}
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