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vuln-cve/data/2025/38xxx/CVE-2025-38468.json
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{
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2",
"cveMetadata": {
"cveId": "CVE-2025-38468",
"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"state": "PUBLISHED",
"assignerShortName": "Linux",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:24.020Z",
"datePublished": "2025-07-28T11:12:20.188Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-11-05T21:02:39.901Z"
},
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"shortName": "Linux",
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:28:35.690Z"
},
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet/sched: Return NULL when htb_lookup_leaf encounters an empty rbtree\n\nhtb_lookup_leaf has a BUG_ON that can trigger with the following:\n\ntc qdisc del dev lo root\ntc qdisc add dev lo root handle 1: htb default 1\ntc class add dev lo parent 1: classid 1:1 htb rate 64bit\ntc qdisc add dev lo parent 1:1 handle 2: netem\ntc qdisc add dev lo parent 2:1 handle 3: blackhole\nping -I lo -c1 -W0.001 127.0.0.1\n\nThe root cause is the following:\n\n1. htb_dequeue calls htb_dequeue_tree which calls the dequeue handler on\n the selected leaf qdisc\n2. netem_dequeue calls enqueue on the child qdisc\n3. blackhole_enqueue drops the packet and returns a value that is not\n just NET_XMIT_SUCCESS\n4. Because of this, netem_dequeue calls qdisc_tree_reduce_backlog, and\n since qlen is now 0, it calls htb_qlen_notify -> htb_deactivate ->\n htb_deactiviate_prios -> htb_remove_class_from_row -> htb_safe_rb_erase\n5. As this is the only class in the selected hprio rbtree,\n __rb_change_child in __rb_erase_augmented sets the rb_root pointer to\n NULL\n6. Because blackhole_dequeue returns NULL, netem_dequeue returns NULL,\n which causes htb_dequeue_tree to call htb_lookup_leaf with the same\n hprio rbtree, and fail the BUG_ON\n\nThe function graph for this scenario is shown here:\n 0) | htb_enqueue() {\n 0) + 13.635 us | netem_enqueue();\n 0) 4.719 us | htb_activate_prios();\n 0) # 2249.199 us | }\n 0) | htb_dequeue() {\n 0) 2.355 us | htb_lookup_leaf();\n 0) | netem_dequeue() {\n 0) + 11.061 us | blackhole_enqueue();\n 0) | qdisc_tree_reduce_backlog() {\n 0) | qdisc_lookup_rcu() {\n 0) 1.873 us | qdisc_match_from_root();\n 0) 6.292 us | }\n 0) 1.894 us | htb_search();\n 0) | htb_qlen_notify() {\n 0) 2.655 us | htb_deactivate_prios();\n 0) 6.933 us | }\n 0) + 25.227 us | }\n 0) 1.983 us | blackhole_dequeue();\n 0) + 86.553 us | }\n 0) # 2932.761 us | qdisc_warn_nonwc();\n 0) | htb_lookup_leaf() {\n 0) | BUG_ON();\n ------------------------------------------\n\nThe full original bug report can be seen here [1].\n\nWe can fix this just by returning NULL instead of the BUG_ON,\nas htb_dequeue_tree returns NULL when htb_lookup_leaf returns\nNULL.\n\n[1] https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/pF5XOOIim0IuEfhI-SOxTgRvNoDwuux7UHKnE_Y5-zVd4wmGvNk2ceHjKb8ORnzw0cGwfmVu42g9dL7XyJLf1NEzaztboTWcm0Ogxuojoeo=@willsroot.io/"
}
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