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vuln-cve/data/2025/38xxx/CVE-2025-38193.json
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{
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2",
"cveMetadata": {
"cveId": "CVE-2025-38193",
"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"state": "PUBLISHED",
"assignerShortName": "Linux",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:23.993Z",
"datePublished": "2025-07-04T13:37:17.285Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-15T21:52:10.998Z"
},
"containers": {
"cna": {
"providerMetadata": {
"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"shortName": "Linux",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:00:18.140Z"
},
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet_sched: sch_sfq: reject invalid perturb period\n\nGerrard Tai reported that SFQ perturb_period has no range check yet,\nand this can be used to trigger a race condition fixed in a separate patch.\n\nWe want to make sure ctl->perturb_period * HZ will not overflow\nand is positive.\n\n\ntc qd add dev lo root sfq perturb -10 # negative value : error\nError: sch_sfq: invalid perturb period.\n\ntc qd add dev lo root sfq perturb 1000000000 # too big : error\nError: sch_sfq: invalid perturb period.\n\ntc qd add dev lo root sfq perturb 2000000 # acceptable value\ntc -s -d qd sh dev lo\nqdisc sfq 8005: root refcnt 2 limit 127p quantum 64Kb depth 127 flows 128 divisor 1024 perturb 2000000sec\n Sent 0 bytes 0 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0)\n backlog 0b 0p requeues 0"
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"version": "3.1",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH"
},
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "AV:L - The attacker-controlled `perturb_period` arrives via an RTM_NEWQDISC netlink message on an AF_NETLINK socket (tc qdisc add/change), which requires local system access. No remote peer or packet data can influence this value.\nAC:L - A single deterministic command (`tc qdisc add dev lo root sfq perturb -10`, or a value that overflows `* HZ`) sets the malicious period every time, with no reliance on conditions outside the attacker's control; for the downstream qdisc race, this bug is itself the mechanism that makes the timing attacker-controlled and the race reliably winnable.\nPR:L - The path is gated only by `netlink_net_capable(skb, CAP_NET_ADMIN)`, evaluated against the netns owner's user namespace, so any unprivileged user obtains it with `unshare -Urn` and then configures SFQ on lo/veth. `sch_sfq` is loaded on demand via module alias, so no real root in the initial namespace is required.\nUI:N - The attacker performs the entire sequence — create the namespace, add the SFQ qdisc with the invalid period, and drive the parent qdisc change — with no action by any other user.\nS:U - The corrupted state (SFQ timer state, parent qdisc qlen/backlog accounting, and resulting freed qdisc objects) all lives within the kernel's own security authority; this is standard kernel-local escalation, not a VM, IOMMU, or hypervisor boundary crossing.\nC:H - By making the SFQ perturb timer fire at an attacker-chosen instant, this bug enables the parent-qdisc qlen/backlog underflow that yields a use-after-free of qdisc objects, giving an attacker-controllable read primitive over reclaimed kernel memory and disclosure of arbitrary kernel data.\nI:H - The same underflow-driven use-after-free permits heap spraying over the freed qdisc allocation and attacker-controlled writes into kernel structures (including function pointers in Qdisc_ops paths), which is the documented route to full privilege escalation for this class of net/sched bug.\nA:H - A negative period makes `mod_timer(jiffies + period)` expire in the past, so `sfq_perturbation()` re-arms and re-fires every tick forever, holding the root qdisc lock while rehashing every queued packet across up to 65408 flows — a permanent softirq livelock that stalls the device's transmit path, and the resulting UAF crashes the kernel outright."
}
]
}
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"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
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"status": "affected",
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{
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"vendor": "Linux",
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"programFiles": [
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],
"versions": [
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"status": "affected"
},
{
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"status": "unaffected",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
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{
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"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
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"negate": false,
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"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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"references": [
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e0936ff56be4e08ad5b60ec26971eae0c40af305"
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{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2254d038dab9c194fe6a4b1ce31034f42e91a6e5"
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{
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{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7ca52541c05c832d32b112274f81a985101f9ba8"
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],
"title": "net_sched: sch_sfq: reject invalid perturb period",
"x_generator": {
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"title": "CVE Program Container",
"references": [
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},
{
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00007.html"
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"shortName": "CVE",
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T17:35:17.196Z"
}
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{
"metrics": [
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"type": "ssvc",
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-38193",
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"version": "2.0.3",
"timestamp": "2026-10-15T21:48:23.009487Z"
}
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"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment",
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]
}
}
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