180 lines
14 KiB
JSON
180 lines
14 KiB
JSON
{
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"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
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"dataVersion": "5.2",
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"cveMetadata": {
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"cveId": "CVE-2025-22102",
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"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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"state": "PUBLISHED",
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"assignerShortName": "Linux",
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"dateReserved": "2024-12-29T08:45:45.819Z",
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"datePublished": "2025-04-16T14:12:51.482Z",
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"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:56:47.440Z"
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},
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"containers": {
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"cna": {
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"providerMetadata": {
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"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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"shortName": "Linux",
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"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:56:47.440Z"
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},
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"descriptions": [
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{
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"lang": "en",
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"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nBluetooth: btnxpuart: Fix kernel panic during FW release\n\nThis fixes a kernel panic seen during release FW in a stress test\nscenario where WLAN and BT FW download occurs simultaneously, and due to\na HW bug, chip sends out only 1 bootloader signatures.\n\nWhen driver receives the bootloader signature, it enters FW download\nmode, but since no consequtive bootloader signatures seen, FW file is\nnot requested.\n\nAfter 60 seconds, when FW download times out, release_firmware causes a\nkernel panic.\n\n[ 2601.949184] Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address 0000312e6f006573\n[ 2601.992076] user pgtable: 4k pages, 48-bit VAs, pgdp=0000000111802000\n[ 2601.992080] [0000312e6f006573] pgd=0000000000000000, p4d=0000000000000000\n[ 2601.992087] Internal error: Oops: 0000000096000021 [#1] PREEMPT SMP\n[ 2601.992091] Modules linked in: algif_hash algif_skcipher af_alg btnxpuart(O) pciexxx(O) mlan(O) overlay fsl_jr_uio caam_jr caamkeyblob_desc caamhash_desc caamalg_desc crypto_engine authenc libdes crct10dif_ce polyval_ce snd_soc_fsl_easrc snd_soc_fsl_asoc_card imx8_media_dev(C) snd_soc_fsl_micfil polyval_generic snd_soc_fsl_xcvr snd_soc_fsl_sai snd_soc_imx_audmux snd_soc_fsl_asrc snd_soc_imx_card snd_soc_imx_hdmi snd_soc_fsl_aud2htx snd_soc_fsl_utils imx_pcm_dma dw_hdmi_cec flexcan can_dev\n[ 2602.001825] CPU: 2 PID: 20060 Comm: hciconfig Tainted: G C O 6.6.23-lts-next-06236-gb586a521770e #1\n[ 2602.010182] Hardware name: NXP i.MX8MPlus EVK board (DT)\n[ 2602.010185] pstate: 60000005 (nZCv daif -PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)\n[ 2602.010191] pc : _raw_spin_lock+0x34/0x68\n[ 2602.010201] lr : free_fw_priv+0x20/0xfc\n[ 2602.020561] sp : ffff800089363b30\n[ 2602.020563] x29: ffff800089363b30 x28: ffff0000d0eb5880 x27: 0000000000000000\n[ 2602.020570] x26: 0000000000000000 x25: ffff0000d728b330 x24: 0000000000000000\n[ 2602.020577] x23: ffff0000dc856f38\n[ 2602.033797] x22: ffff800089363b70 x21: ffff0000dc856000\n[ 2602.033802] x20: ff00312e6f006573 x19: ffff0000d0d9ea80 x18: 0000000000000000\n[ 2602.033809] x17: 0000000000000000 x16: 0000000000000000 x15: 0000aaaad80dd480\n[ 2602.083320] x14: 0000000000000000 x13: 00000000000001b9 x12: 0000000000000002\n[ 2602.083326] x11: 0000000000000000 x10: 0000000000000a60 x9 : ffff800089363a30\n[ 2602.083333] x8 : ffff0001793d75c0 x7 : ffff0000d6dbc400 x6 : 0000000000000000\n[ 2602.083339] x5 : 00000000410fd030 x4 : 0000000000000000 x3 : 0000000000000001\n[ 2602.083346] x2 : 0000000000000000 x1 : 0000000000000001 x0 : ff00312e6f006573\n[ 2602.083354] Call trace:\n[ 2602.083356] _raw_spin_lock+0x34/0x68\n[ 2602.083364] release_firmware+0x48/0x6c\n[ 2602.083370] nxp_setup+0x3c4/0x540 [btnxpuart]\n[ 2602.083383] hci_dev_open_sync+0xf0/0xa34\n[ 2602.083391] hci_dev_open+0xd8/0x178\n[ 2602.083399] hci_sock_ioctl+0x3b0/0x590\n[ 2602.083405] sock_do_ioctl+0x60/0x118\n[ 2602.083413] sock_ioctl+0x2f4/0x374\n[ 2602.091430] __arm64_sys_ioctl+0xac/0xf0\n[ 2602.091437] invoke_syscall+0x48/0x110\n[ 2602.091445] el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0xc0/0xe0\n[ 2602.091452] do_el0_svc+0x1c/0x28\n[ 2602.091457] el0_svc+0x40/0xe4\n[ 2602.091465] el0t_64_sync_handler+0x120/0x12c\n[ 2602.091470] el0t_64_sync+0x190/0x194"
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}
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],
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"metrics": [
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{
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"cvssV3_1": {
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"version": "3.1",
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"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
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"baseScore": 7.8,
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"baseSeverity": "HIGH"
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},
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"scenarios": [
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{
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"lang": "en",
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"value": "AV:L - The vulnerable state machine parses bootloader traffic on the local UART between the SoC and the NXP chip; it is entered from local syscalls (`hci_sock_ioctl(HCIDEVUP)` → `hci_dev_open_sync` → `nxp_setup`, per the reported oops stack, plus the `HCI_NXP_IND_RESET` vendor opcode and driver unbind). No remote or over-the-air Bluetooth peer can reach `nxp_download_firmware()`, since the bug occurs before any radio link exists.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both halves of the trigger — bringing the BT adapter up/down and driving the WLAN combo interface so the two firmware downloads collide, in an unbounded cheap loop until the chip emits the single bootloader signature — and the abort variant (`BTNXPUART_FW_DOWNLOAD_ABORT` set by driver removal, which wakes `fw_dnld_done_wait_q` early) hits the stale `release_firmware()` deterministically inside a 60-second window the attacker chooses. Nothing here depends on state the attacker cannot influence, and heap grooming of the 24-byte `kmalloc-32` object is under their control.\nPR:L - `hci_sock.c` gates HCIDEVUP on `capable(CAP_NET_ADMIN)`, but on the affected hardware class (i.MX8 boards, Android/IoT combo chips) adapter power-cycling and Wi-Fi bring-up are routinely exposed to any local unprivileged user through the privileged BT/mgmt and Wi-Fi daemons, so an ordinary user reproduces the exact concurrent WLAN+BT download stress described in the commit without holding any capability itself. No credential beyond basic local access is required.\nUI:N - The attacker drives the entire sequence — repeated adapter and WLAN bring-up/down cycles, or a vendor IND_RESET followed by an abort — with no victim action, mount, or file open involved.\nS:U - The freed `struct firmware` and the corrupted `fw_priv`/`firmware_cache` structures all live in kernel slab memory, and the resulting compromise stays inside the kernel's own security authority with no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary crossed.\nC:H - `release_firmware()` on the dangling pointer reads `fw->priv` and then `fw_priv->fwc`, `fw_priv->data` and `fw_priv->fw_name` out of a reclaimed `kmalloc-32` object — the reported oops shows the slot already refilled with ASCII string data (`x0 = ff00312e6f006573`), proving reclamation with attacker-influenceable content. Chaining the UAF read into `kfree_const(fw_priv->fw_name)` and the unlink gives an arbitrary kernel read/disclosure primitive.\nI:H - The stale release yields multiple write primitives: `spin_lock(&fwc->lock)` writes through a reclaimed pointer, `list_del(&fw_priv->list)` in `__free_fw_priv()` is a classic unlink arbitrary write, and `vfree(fw->data)`/`kfree(fw_priv)` plus the final `kfree(fw)` double-free of the highly sprayable kmalloc-32 slot enable standard slab-corruption escalation to control-flow hijack.\nA:H - The reported failure is an immediate unrecoverable kernel panic — \"Unable to handle kernel paging request\" / \"Internal error: Oops\" in `_raw_spin_lock` under `free_fw_priv` — and the underlying double-free corrupts the slab allocator even when it does not fault instantly, so the attacker can crash the system at will."
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}
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]
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}
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],
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"affected": [
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{
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"product": "Linux",
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"vendor": "Linux",
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"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
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"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
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"programFiles": [
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"drivers/bluetooth/btnxpuart.c"
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],
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"versions": [
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{
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"version": "689ca16e523278470c38832a3010645a78c544d8",
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"lessThan": "a0a736d9857cadd87ae48b151d787e28954ea831",
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"status": "affected",
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"versionType": "git"
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},
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{
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"version": "689ca16e523278470c38832a3010645a78c544d8",
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"lessThan": "d22496de5049d9b8f5b6d8623682a56b3c3d7e18",
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"status": "affected",
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"versionType": "git"
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},
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{
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"version": "689ca16e523278470c38832a3010645a78c544d8",
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"lessThan": "6749cf49eff7ce6dadcb603c5c8db70b28079a5d",
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"status": "affected",
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"versionType": "git"
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},
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{
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"version": "689ca16e523278470c38832a3010645a78c544d8",
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"lessThan": "1f77c05408c96bc0b58ae476a9cadc9e5b9cfd0f",
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"status": "affected",
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"versionType": "git"
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}
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]
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},
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{
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"product": "Linux",
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"vendor": "Linux",
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"defaultStatus": "affected",
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"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
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"programFiles": [
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"drivers/bluetooth/btnxpuart.c"
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],
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"versions": [
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{
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"version": "6.4",
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"status": "affected"
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},
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{
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"version": "0",
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"lessThan": "6.4",
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"status": "unaffected",
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"versionType": "semver"
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},
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{
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"version": "6.6.92",
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"lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
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"status": "unaffected",
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"versionType": "semver"
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},
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{
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"version": "6.12.30",
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"lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
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"status": "unaffected",
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"versionType": "semver"
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},
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{
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"version": "6.14.2",
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"lessThanOrEqual": "6.14.*",
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"status": "unaffected",
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"versionType": "semver"
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},
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{
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"version": "6.15",
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"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
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"status": "unaffected",
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"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
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}
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]
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}
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],
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"cpeApplicability": [
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{
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"nodes": [
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{
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"operator": "OR",
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"negate": false,
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"cpeMatch": [
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{
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"vulnerable": true,
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"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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"versionStartIncluding": "6.4",
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"versionEndExcluding": "6.6.92"
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},
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{
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"vulnerable": true,
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"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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"versionStartIncluding": "6.4",
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"versionEndExcluding": "6.12.30"
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},
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{
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"vulnerable": true,
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"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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"versionStartIncluding": "6.4",
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"versionEndExcluding": "6.14.2"
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},
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{
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"vulnerable": true,
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"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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"versionStartIncluding": "6.4",
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"versionEndExcluding": "6.15"
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}
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]
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}
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]
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}
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],
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"references": [
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{
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a0a736d9857cadd87ae48b151d787e28954ea831"
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},
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{
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d22496de5049d9b8f5b6d8623682a56b3c3d7e18"
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},
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{
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6749cf49eff7ce6dadcb603c5c8db70b28079a5d"
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},
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{
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1f77c05408c96bc0b58ae476a9cadc9e5b9cfd0f"
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}
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],
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"title": "Bluetooth: btnxpuart: Fix kernel panic during FW release",
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"x_generator": {
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"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
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}
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}
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}
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} |