335 lines
18 KiB
JSON
335 lines
18 KiB
JSON
{
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"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
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"dataVersion": "5.2",
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"cveMetadata": {
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"cveId": "CVE-2025-22045",
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"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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"state": "PUBLISHED",
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"assignerShortName": "Linux",
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"dateReserved": "2024-12-29T08:45:45.810Z",
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"datePublished": "2025-04-16T14:12:05.849Z",
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"dateUpdated": "2026-10-15T21:51:57.120Z"
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},
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"containers": {
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"cna": {
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"providerMetadata": {
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"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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"shortName": "Linux",
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"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:56:18.577Z"
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},
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"descriptions": [
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{
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"lang": "en",
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"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nx86/mm: Fix flush_tlb_range() when used for zapping normal PMDs\n\nOn the following path, flush_tlb_range() can be used for zapping normal\nPMD entries (PMD entries that point to page tables) together with the PTE\nentries in the pointed-to page table:\n\n collapse_pte_mapped_thp\n pmdp_collapse_flush\n flush_tlb_range\n\nThe arm64 version of flush_tlb_range() has a comment describing that it can\nbe used for page table removal, and does not use any last-level\ninvalidation optimizations. Fix the X86 version by making it behave the\nsame way.\n\nCurrently, X86 only uses this information for the following two purposes,\nwhich I think means the issue doesn't have much impact:\n\n - In native_flush_tlb_multi() for checking if lazy TLB CPUs need to be\n IPI'd to avoid issues with speculative page table walks.\n - In Hyper-V TLB paravirtualization, again for lazy TLB stuff.\n\nThe patch \"x86/mm: only invalidate final translations with INVLPGB\" which\nis currently under review (see\n<https://lore.kernel.org/all/20241230175550.4046587-13-riel@surriel.com/>)\nwould probably be making the impact of this a lot worse."
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}
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],
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"metrics": [
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{
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"cvssV3_1": {
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"version": "3.1",
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"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
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"baseScore": 7.8,
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"baseSeverity": "HIGH"
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},
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"scenarios": [
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{
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"lang": "en",
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"value": "AV:L - The vulnerable path is reached from the `madvise(MADV_COLLAPSE)` syscall (or khugepaged) on the calling process's own address space, requiring local access to the system. There is no remote or adjacent-network entry point into `pmdp_collapse_flush()`.\nAC:L - The attacker controls every element needed: triggering the PMD zap via `MADV_COLLAPSE` on demand, pinning threads so remote CPUs enter lazy TLB mode with the mm still in CR3, generating kernel work so those lazy CPUs are actively executing, and spraying the page-table page after `pte_free_defer()` releases it. Both sides of the window are attacker-created and the sequence can be repeated indefinitely.\nPR:L - `MADV_COLLAPSE` on the caller's own mm has no capability check in `mm/madvise.c` (the `CAP_SYS_ADMIN` test at line 1362 covers `MADV_HWPOISON`, and `CAP_SYS_NICE` at line 1803 only applies to remote mms). Any unprivileged local user, including one inside a container or user namespace, can drive the path.\nUI:N - The attacker triggers the collapse entirely from its own process via a syscall; no action by any other user or administrator is needed. khugepaged also reaches the same path autonomously.\nS:U - The stale paging-structure state and any resulting corruption stay within the kernel's own security authority on the affected host or guest. No IOMMU, hypervisor, or VM boundary is crossed.\nC:H - A lazy-TLB CPU speculatively walking the freed-and-reused page-table page interprets attacker-sprayable memory as PTEs, which can map user virtual addresses to arbitrary physical frames and expose their contents through transient execution. That amounts to an arbitrary physical-memory read primitive rather than a bounded leak.\nI:H - The same bogus paging-structure entries constructed from attacker-controlled data can point a user virtual address at arbitrary physical memory, giving a write primitive over kernel or other-process pages. Corruption of page-table translations is directly leverageable for control-flow hijacking and privilege escalation.\nA:H - Speculative page-table walks over a freed page can resolve to non-existent or non-RAM physical addresses, producing machine checks, oopses, or otherwise unpredictable CPU behavior that panics the machine. Any resulting translation corruption also crashes the affected process and kernel."
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}
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]
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}
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],
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"affected": [
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{
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"product": "Linux",
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"vendor": "Linux",
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"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
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"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
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"programFiles": [
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"arch/x86/include/asm/tlbflush.h"
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],
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"versions": [
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{
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"version": "016c4d92cd16f569c6485ae62b076c1a4b779536",
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"lessThan": "618d5612ecb7bfc1c85342daafeb2b47e29e77a3",
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"status": "affected",
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"versionType": "git"
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},
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{
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"lessThan": "556d446068f90981e5d71ca686bdaccdd545d491",
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"status": "affected",
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"versionType": "git"
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"status": "affected",
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"status": "affected",
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"lessThan": "7085895c59e4057ffae17f58990ccb630087d0d2",
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"status": "affected",
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"versionType": "git"
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},
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{
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"version": "016c4d92cd16f569c6485ae62b076c1a4b779536",
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"lessThan": "93224deb50a8d20df3884f3672ce9f982129aa50",
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"status": "affected",
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"versionType": "git"
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},
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{
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"version": "016c4d92cd16f569c6485ae62b076c1a4b779536",
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"lessThan": "320ac1af4c0bdb92c864dc9250d1329234820edf",
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"status": "affected",
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"versionType": "git"
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},
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{
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"version": "016c4d92cd16f569c6485ae62b076c1a4b779536",
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"lessThan": "78d6f9a9eb2a5da6fcbd76d6191d24b0dcc321be",
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"status": "affected",
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"versionType": "git"
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},
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{
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"version": "016c4d92cd16f569c6485ae62b076c1a4b779536",
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"lessThan": "3ef938c3503563bfc2ac15083557f880d29c2e64",
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"status": "affected",
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"versionType": "git"
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}
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]
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},
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{
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"product": "Linux",
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"vendor": "Linux",
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"defaultStatus": "affected",
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"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
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"programFiles": [
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"arch/x86/include/asm/tlbflush.h"
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],
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"versions": [
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{
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"version": "4.20",
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"status": "affected"
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},
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{
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"version": "0",
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"lessThan": "4.20",
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"status": "unaffected",
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"versionType": "semver"
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},
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{
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"version": "5.4.292",
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"lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*",
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"status": "unaffected",
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"versionType": "semver"
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},
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{
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"version": "5.10.236",
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"lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
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"status": "unaffected",
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"versionType": "semver"
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},
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{
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"version": "5.15.180",
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"lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
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"status": "unaffected",
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"versionType": "semver"
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},
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{
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"version": "6.1.134",
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"lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
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"status": "unaffected",
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"versionType": "semver"
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},
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{
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"version": "6.6.87",
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"lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
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"status": "unaffected",
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"versionType": "semver"
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},
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{
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"version": "6.12.23",
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"lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
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"status": "unaffected",
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"versionType": "semver"
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},
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{
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"version": "6.13.11",
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"lessThanOrEqual": "6.13.*",
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"status": "unaffected",
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"versionType": "semver"
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},
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{
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"version": "6.14.2",
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"lessThanOrEqual": "6.14.*",
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"status": "unaffected",
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"versionType": "semver"
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},
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{
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"version": "6.15",
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"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
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"status": "unaffected",
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"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
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}
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]
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}
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"cpeApplicability": [
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"versionStartIncluding": "4.20",
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{
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/93224deb50a8d20df3884f3672ce9f982129aa50"
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/78d6f9a9eb2a5da6fcbd76d6191d24b0dcc321be"
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{
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3ef938c3503563bfc2ac15083557f880d29c2e64"
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}
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],
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"title": "x86/mm: Fix flush_tlb_range() when used for zapping normal PMDs",
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"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
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},
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"adp": [
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{
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"title": "CVE Program Container",
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"references": [
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{
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"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00045.html"
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},
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{
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"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00030.html"
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"shortName": "CVE",
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"dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T19:41:30.092Z"
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}
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},
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{
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"metrics": [
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{
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"other": {
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"type": "ssvc",
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"content": {
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"id": "CVE-2025-22045",
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"role": "CISA Coordinator",
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"options": [
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{
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"Exploitation": "none"
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},
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{
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"Automatable": "no"
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},
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{
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"Technical Impact": "total"
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}
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],
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"version": "2.0.3",
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"timestamp": "2026-10-15T21:44:15.332696Z"
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}
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}
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}
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],
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"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment",
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"dateUpdated": "2026-10-15T21:51:57.120Z"
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]
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}
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} |