236 lines
13 KiB
JSON
236 lines
13 KiB
JSON
{
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"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
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"dataVersion": "5.2",
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"cveMetadata": {
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"cveId": "CVE-2024-41045",
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"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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"state": "PUBLISHED",
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"assignerShortName": "Linux",
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"dateReserved": "2024-07-12T12:17:45.624Z",
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"datePublished": "2024-07-29T14:32:02.866Z",
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"dateUpdated": "2026-10-30T12:18:44.387Z"
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},
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"cna": {
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"shortName": "Linux",
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"dateUpdated": "2026-10-30T12:18:44.387Z"
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},
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"descriptions": [
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{
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"lang": "en",
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"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Defer work in bpf_timer_cancel_and_free\n\nCurrently, the same case as previous patch (two timer callbacks trying\nto cancel each other) can be invoked through bpf_map_update_elem as\nwell, or more precisely, freeing map elements containing timers. Since\nthis relies on hrtimer_cancel as well, it is prone to the same deadlock\nsituation as the previous patch.\n\nIt would be sufficient to use hrtimer_try_to_cancel to fix this problem,\nas the timer cannot be enqueued after async_cancel_and_free. Once\nasync_cancel_and_free has been done, the timer must be reinitialized\nbefore it can be armed again. The callback running in parallel trying to\narm the timer will fail, and freeing bpf_hrtimer without waiting is\nsufficient (given kfree_rcu), and bpf_timer_cb will return\nHRTIMER_NORESTART, preventing the timer from being rearmed again.\n\nHowever, there exists a UAF scenario where the callback arms the timer\nbefore entering this function, such that if cancellation fails (due to\ntimer callback invoking this routine, or the target timer callback\nrunning concurrently). In such a case, if the timer expiration is\nsignificantly far in the future, the RCU grace period expiration\nhappening before it will free the bpf_hrtimer state and along with it\nthe struct hrtimer, that is enqueued.\n\nHence, it is clear cancellation needs to occur after\nasync_cancel_and_free, and yet it cannot be done inline due to deadlock\nissues. We thus modify bpf_timer_cancel_and_free to defer work to the\nglobal workqueue, adding a work_struct alongside rcu_head (both used at\n_different_ points of time, so can share space).\n\nUpdate existing code comments to reflect the new state of affairs."
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}
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],
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"metrics": [
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{
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"cvssV3_1": {
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"version": "3.1",
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"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
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"baseScore": 7.8,
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"baseSeverity": "HIGH"
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},
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"scenarios": [
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{
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"lang": "en",
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"value": "AV:L - The vulnerability is reached by loading and running an attacker-authored BPF program via the bpf() syscall, which requires local access to the system. BPF is explicitly classified as a local attack vector in kernel scoring guidance.\nAC:L - The UAF is deterministic and fully attacker-scripted: the BPF callback arms its own timer with a far-future expiry and then deletes its own map element, guaranteeing the freed-while-enqueued hrtimer; no race the attacker cannot control is involved, and the deadlock variant is likewise attacker-orchestrated across two CPUs.\nPR:L - The bpf_timer_* helpers are gated by bpf_token_capable(CAP_BPF), which resolves to ns_capable() in a BPF-token user namespace, so an unprivileged user with a delegated bpffs token (common in container environments) can reach it. This matches established scoring for BPF verifier/helper CVEs.\nUI:N - The attacker loads and triggers the BPF timer entirely on their own; no victim action of any kind is needed.\nS:U - The freed object and the corrupted hrtimer state are both kernel-internal; the impact stays within the kernel's own security authority with no crossing into a hypervisor or IOMMU boundary.\nC:H - The freed bpf_hrtimer remains linked in the per-CPU hrtimer rbtree, so the timer subsystem keeps reading from reallocated heap memory, and controlling the freed slot gives an attacker a reliable kernel-memory read primitive enabling arbitrary disclosure.\nI:H - Enqueue/rebalance operations write rb_node and expiry fields into the freed object, and __run_hrtimer() calls a function pointer fetched from that freed memory, yielding both arbitrary write and control-flow hijack primitives after a heap spray.\nA:H - Both defects reliably take down the machine — the UAF corrupts the per-CPU hrtimer queue causing panics, and the mutual hrtimer_cancel() deadlock between two timer callbacks wedges CPUs in softirq context permanently."
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}
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]
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}
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],
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{
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"product": "Linux",
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"vendor": "Linux",
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"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
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"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
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"kernel/bpf/helpers.c"
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"kernel/bpf/helpers.c"
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"versions": [
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"version": "5.15",
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"status": "affected"
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"version": "0",
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"status": "unaffected",
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"versionType": "semver"
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},
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{
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"version": "6.1.191",
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"lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
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"status": "unaffected",
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},
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{
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"version": "6.6.158",
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"lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
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"status": "unaffected",
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"versionType": "semver"
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},
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{
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"version": "6.9.10",
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"lessThanOrEqual": "6.9.*",
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"status": "unaffected",
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},
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{
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"version": "6.10",
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"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
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"status": "unaffected",
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"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
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}
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"title": "bpf: Defer work in bpf_timer_cancel_and_free",
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"role": "CISA Coordinator",
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"options": [
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