223 lines
14 KiB
JSON
223 lines
14 KiB
JSON
{
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"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
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"dataVersion": "5.2",
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"cveMetadata": {
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"cveId": "CVE-2024-41010",
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"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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"state": "PUBLISHED",
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"assignerShortName": "Linux",
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"dateReserved": "2024-07-12T12:17:45.610Z",
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"datePublished": "2024-07-17T06:10:12.051Z",
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"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:34:36.731Z"
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},
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"containers": {
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"cna": {
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"providerMetadata": {
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"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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"shortName": "Linux",
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"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:34:36.731Z"
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},
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"descriptions": [
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{
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"lang": "en",
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"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Fix too early release of tcx_entry\n\nPedro Pinto and later independently also Hyunwoo Kim and Wongi Lee reported\nan issue that the tcx_entry can be released too early leading to a use\nafter free (UAF) when an active old-style ingress or clsact qdisc with a\nshared tc block is later replaced by another ingress or clsact instance.\n\nEssentially, the sequence to trigger the UAF (one example) can be as follows:\n\n 1. A network namespace is created\n 2. An ingress qdisc is created. This allocates a tcx_entry, and\n &tcx_entry->miniq is stored in the qdisc's miniqp->p_miniq. At the\n same time, a tcf block with index 1 is created.\n 3. chain0 is attached to the tcf block. chain0 must be connected to\n the block linked to the ingress qdisc to later reach the function\n tcf_chain0_head_change_cb_del() which triggers the UAF.\n 4. Create and graft a clsact qdisc. This causes the ingress qdisc\n created in step 1 to be removed, thus freeing the previously linked\n tcx_entry:\n\n rtnetlink_rcv_msg()\n => tc_modify_qdisc()\n => qdisc_create()\n => clsact_init() [a]\n => qdisc_graft()\n => qdisc_destroy()\n => __qdisc_destroy()\n => ingress_destroy() [b]\n => tcx_entry_free()\n => kfree_rcu() // tcx_entry freed\n\n 5. Finally, the network namespace is closed. This registers the\n cleanup_net worker, and during the process of releasing the\n remaining clsact qdisc, it accesses the tcx_entry that was\n already freed in step 4, causing the UAF to occur:\n\n cleanup_net()\n => ops_exit_list()\n => default_device_exit_batch()\n => unregister_netdevice_many()\n => unregister_netdevice_many_notify()\n => dev_shutdown()\n => qdisc_put()\n => clsact_destroy() [c]\n => tcf_block_put_ext()\n => tcf_chain0_head_change_cb_del()\n => tcf_chain_head_change_item()\n => clsact_chain_head_change()\n => mini_qdisc_pair_swap() // UAF\n\nThere are also other variants, the gist is to add an ingress (or clsact)\nqdisc with a specific shared block, then to replace that qdisc, waiting\nfor the tcx_entry kfree_rcu() to be executed and subsequently accessing\nthe current active qdisc's miniq one way or another.\n\nThe correct fix is to turn the miniq_active boolean into a counter. What\ncan be observed, at step 2 above, the counter transitions from 0->1, at\nstep [a] from 1->2 (in order for the miniq object to remain active during\nthe replacement), then in [b] from 2->1 and finally [c] 1->0 with the\neventual release. The reference counter in general ranges from [0,2] and\nit does not need to be atomic since all access to the counter is protected\nby the rtnl mutex. With this in place, there is no longer a UAF happening\nand the tcx_entry is freed at the correct time."
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}
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],
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"metrics": [
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{
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"cvssV3_1": {
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"version": "3.1",
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"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
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"baseScore": 7.8,
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"baseSeverity": "HIGH"
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},
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"scenarios": [
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{
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"lang": "en",
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"value": "AV:L - The vulnerability is reached through rtnetlink `RTM_NEWQDISC`/`RTM_NEWTFILTER` messages (`tc_modify_qdisc()` → `ingress_init`/`clsact_init`/`*_destroy`) and network-namespace teardown, all of which require local access via a netlink socket and syscalls. No remote packet can drive the qdisc configuration path.\nAC:L - The attacker deterministically controls every step — create netns, create ingress qdisc with a shared block, attach chain0, graft a clsact qdisc to free the tcx_entry, then close the netns — with all mutations serialized under the rtnl mutex, so there is no race to win, only an RCU grace period to wait out. Heap grooming of the kmalloc-2048 slot is entirely under attacker control.\nPR:L - `rtnetlink_rcv_msg()` gates qdisc creation on `netlink_net_capable(skb, CAP_NET_ADMIN)` evaluated against the netns owner's user namespace, so an unprivileged local user obtains it with `unshare -Urn` — the published trigger sequence itself begins by creating a network namespace. No real root or init-namespace privilege is needed.\nUI:N - The entire sequence is performed by the attacker's own process; the final UAF fires from the `cleanup_net` worker triggered by the attacker closing its own network namespace. No victim action of any kind is involved.\nS:U - The corruption occurs in kernel heap memory and the impact stays within the same kernel security authority (local privilege escalation). No hypervisor, IOMMU, or other security-authority boundary is crossed.\nC:H - This is a use-after-free with an attacker-timed read of the freed `tcx_entry->miniq` slot, and the reclaimed ~1.6 KB kmalloc-2048 object can be sprayed with attacker-chosen structures, giving a path to disclose kernel heap pointers and read arbitrary kernel memory via a corrupted `mini_Qdisc`/`filter_list` chain.\nI:H - `mini_qdisc_pair_swap()` writes a kernel pointer (or NULL) into offset 0 of the freed object, corrupting whatever object was reallocated there, and the write can be repeated on demand by adding/removing filters on the shared block. Combined with the RX path's indirect call through `miniq->filter_list` in `tcf_classify()`, this yields a control-flow hijack primitive suitable for full privilege escalation.\nA:H - Even without successful exploitation, the use-after-free write into freed slab memory reliably corrupts unrelated kernel objects and panics the machine (KASAN-detected UAF, oops in `mini_qdisc_pair_swap`/`cleanup_net`). It can be triggered repeatedly by any unprivileged local user."
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}
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]
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}
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],
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"affected": [
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{
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"product": "Linux",
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"vendor": "Linux",
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"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
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"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
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"programFiles": [
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"include/net/tcx.h",
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"net/sched/sch_ingress.c"
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],
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"versions": [
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"version": "e420bed025071a623d2720a92bc2245c84757ecb",
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"defaultStatus": "affected",
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"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
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"programFiles": [
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"include/net/tcx.h",
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"net/sched/sch_ingress.c"
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],
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"versions": [
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{
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"version": "6.6",
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"status": "affected"
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},
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"version": "0",
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"lessThan": "6.6",
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"status": "unaffected",
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"versionType": "semver"
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},
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"version": "6.6.41",
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"lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
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"status": "unaffected",
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},
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{
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"version": "6.9.10",
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"lessThanOrEqual": "6.9.*",
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"status": "unaffected",
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"versionType": "semver"
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},
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{
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"version": "6.10",
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"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
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"status": "unaffected",
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"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
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"role": "CISA Coordinator",
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{
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