338 lines
20 KiB
JSON
338 lines
20 KiB
JSON
{
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"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
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"dataVersion": "5.2",
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"cveMetadata": {
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"cveId": "CVE-2024-40953",
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"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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"state": "PUBLISHED",
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"assignerShortName": "Linux",
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"dateReserved": "2024-07-12T12:17:45.592Z",
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"datePublished": "2024-07-12T12:31:56.832Z",
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"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:34:12.855Z"
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},
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"containers": {
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"cna": {
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"providerMetadata": {
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"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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"shortName": "Linux",
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"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:34:12.855Z"
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},
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"descriptions": [
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{
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"lang": "en",
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"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nKVM: Fix a data race on last_boosted_vcpu in kvm_vcpu_on_spin()\n\nUse {READ,WRITE}_ONCE() to access kvm->last_boosted_vcpu to ensure the\nloads and stores are atomic. In the extremely unlikely scenario the\ncompiler tears the stores, it's theoretically possible for KVM to attempt\nto get a vCPU using an out-of-bounds index, e.g. if the write is split\ninto multiple 8-bit stores, and is paired with a 32-bit load on a VM with\n257 vCPUs:\n\n CPU0 CPU1\n last_boosted_vcpu = 0xff;\n\n (last_boosted_vcpu = 0x100)\n last_boosted_vcpu[15:8] = 0x01;\n i = (last_boosted_vcpu = 0x1ff)\n last_boosted_vcpu[7:0] = 0x00;\n\n vcpu = kvm->vcpu_array[0x1ff];\n\nAs detected by KCSAN:\n\n BUG: KCSAN: data-race in kvm_vcpu_on_spin [kvm] / kvm_vcpu_on_spin [kvm]\n\n write to 0xffffc90025a92344 of 4 bytes by task 4340 on cpu 16:\n kvm_vcpu_on_spin (arch/x86/kvm/../../../virt/kvm/kvm_main.c:4112) kvm\n handle_pause (arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.c:5929) kvm_intel\n vmx_handle_exit (arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.c:?\n\t\t arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.c:6606) kvm_intel\n vcpu_run (arch/x86/kvm/x86.c:11107 arch/x86/kvm/x86.c:11211) kvm\n kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run (arch/x86/kvm/x86.c:?) kvm\n kvm_vcpu_ioctl (arch/x86/kvm/../../../virt/kvm/kvm_main.c:?) kvm\n __se_sys_ioctl (fs/ioctl.c:52 fs/ioctl.c:904 fs/ioctl.c:890)\n __x64_sys_ioctl (fs/ioctl.c:890)\n x64_sys_call (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:33)\n do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/common.c:?)\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:130)\n\n read to 0xffffc90025a92344 of 4 bytes by task 4342 on cpu 4:\n kvm_vcpu_on_spin (arch/x86/kvm/../../../virt/kvm/kvm_main.c:4069) kvm\n handle_pause (arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.c:5929) kvm_intel\n vmx_handle_exit (arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.c:?\n\t\t\tarch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.c:6606) kvm_intel\n vcpu_run (arch/x86/kvm/x86.c:11107 arch/x86/kvm/x86.c:11211) kvm\n kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run (arch/x86/kvm/x86.c:?) kvm\n kvm_vcpu_ioctl (arch/x86/kvm/../../../virt/kvm/kvm_main.c:?) kvm\n __se_sys_ioctl (fs/ioctl.c:52 fs/ioctl.c:904 fs/ioctl.c:890)\n __x64_sys_ioctl (fs/ioctl.c:890)\n x64_sys_call (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:33)\n do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/common.c:?)\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:130)\n\n value changed: 0x00000012 -> 0x00000000"
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}
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],
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"metrics": [
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{
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"cvssV3_1": {
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"version": "3.1",
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"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:H",
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"baseScore": 7.9,
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"baseSeverity": "HIGH"
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},
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"scenarios": [
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{
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"lang": "en",
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"value": "AV:L - The vulnerable code is entered only from guest execution of PAUSE/WFE/DIAG-0x44 handled by the host KVM module, or equivalently via the `KVM_RUN` ioctl on `/dev/kvm` as shown in the KCSAN stack trace. There is no network-facing path to `kvm_vcpu_on_spin()`, so the attacker must be running code locally on the host or inside a VM hosted on it.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race outright — a guest simply runs PAUSE spin loops on several vCPUs at once, driving many threads into the unsynchronized read/write of `kvm->last_boosted_vcpu` with no external precondition. No specific victim state or memory layout the attacker cannot influence is required to hit the racing accesses.\nPR:L - The attacker needs the ability to run code inside a VM on the host (or open `/dev/kvm` locally), which is an unprivileged-user-level capability — no root or CAP_SYS_ADMIN is required, and PAUSE is executable from guest ring 3. This matches the standard treatment of guest-triggerable KVM host bugs.\nUI:N - Triggering requires only that the attacker's own guest vCPU threads spin concurrently; no host administrator or other user has to perform any action. The race is hit entirely by the attacker's own execution.\nS:C - The bug is triggered by unprivileged code inside a guest but the corrupted index and any resulting wild pointer access occur in the host kernel, crossing the VM-to-hypervisor security boundary. A guest compromising host kernel availability/integrity is a scope change.\nC:L - A torn value yields an out-of-bounds vCPU index, causing the host to read a pointer-sized slot past the vCPU array and then dereference it (`vcpu->ready`, `vcpu->preempted`, `target->pid`), touching host kernel memory outside the intended object. The read value is never returned to the guest and the offset is not attacker-chosen, so this is a limited disclosure rather than an arbitrary read primitive.\nI:L - `kvm_vcpu_eligible_for_directed_yield()` writes `vcpu->spin_loop.dy_eligible` through the same unvalidated pointer, giving a fixed-offset host-kernel write via an out-of-bounds vCPU reference, and the bogus target also perturbs host scheduling through `yield_to()`. The written value and target address are not attacker-controlled, limiting this to bounded corruption rather than a control-flow hijack primitive.\nA:H - Per the upstream changelog, the torn access lets KVM fetch a vCPU with an out-of-bounds index; the resulting NULL or garbage pointer is dereferenced without any validation, oopsing or panicking the host kernel. A guest crashing the hypervisor takes down the host and every other VM on it."
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}
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]
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}
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],
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"affected": [
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{
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"product": "Linux",
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"vendor": "Linux",
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"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
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"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
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"programFiles": [
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"virt/kvm/kvm_main.c"
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],
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"versions": [
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"version": "217ece6129f2d3b4fdd18d9e79be9e43d8d14a42",
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"status": "unaffected",
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}
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