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<h1 id="cursor-object"><span id="cursorobj"></span>Cursor Object<a class="headerlink" href="#cursor-object" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<dl class="attribute">
<dt id="Cursor.arraysize">
<!--#Cursor.arraysize#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">arraysize</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.arraysize" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd>This read-write attribute specifies the number of rows to fetch at a time
internally and is the default number of rows to fetch with the
<a title="Cursor.fetchmany" class="reference" href="#Cursor.fetchmany"><tt class="xref docutils literal"><span class="pre">fetchmany()</span></tt></a> call. It defaults to 50 meaning to fetch 50
rows at a time. Note that this attribute can drastically affect the
performance of a query since it directly affects the number of network round
trips that need to be performed. This is the reason for setting it to 50
instead of the 1 that the DB API recommends.</dd></dl>
<dl class="attribute">
<dt id="Cursor.bindarraysize">
<!--#Cursor.bindarraysize#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">bindarraysize</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.bindarraysize" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>This read-write attribute specifies the number of rows to bind at a time and
is used when creating variables via setinputsizes() or var(). It defaults to
1 meaning to bind a single row at a time.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">The DB API definition does not define this attribute.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="Cursor.arrayvar">
<!--#Cursor.arrayvar#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">arrayvar</tt><big>(</big><em>dataType</em>, <em>value</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>size</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.arrayvar" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Create an array variable associated with the cursor of the given type and
size and return a variable object (<a class="reference" href="variable.html#varobj"><em>Variable Objects</em></a>). The value is either an
integer specifying the number of elements to allocate or it is a list and
the number of elements allocated is drawn from the size of the list. If the
value is a list, the variable is also set with the contents of the list. If
the size is not specified and the type is a string or binary, 4000 bytes
(maximum allowable by Oracle) is allocated. This is needed for passing
arrays to PL/SQL (in cases where the list might be empty and the type cannot
be determined automatically) or returning arrays from PL/SQL.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">The DB API definition does not define this method.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="Cursor.bindnames">
<!--#Cursor.bindnames#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">bindnames</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.bindnames" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Return the list of bind variable names bound to the statement. Note that the
statement must have been prepared first.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">The DB API definition does not define this method.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="attribute">
<dt id="Cursor.bindvars">
<!--#Cursor.bindvars#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">bindvars</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.bindvars" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>This read-only attribute specifies the bind variables used for the last
execute. The value will be either a list or a dictionary depending on
whether binding was done by position or name. Care should be taken when
referencing this attribute. In particular, elements should not be removed.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">The DB API definition does not define this attribute.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="Cursor.callfunc">
<!--#Cursor.callfunc#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">callfunc</tt><big>(</big><em>name</em>, <em>returnType</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>parameters=</em><span class="optional">[</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.callfunc" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Call a function with the given name. The return type is specified in the
same notation as is required by setinputsizes(). The sequence of parameters
must contain one entry for each argument that the function expects. The
result of the call is the return value of the function.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">The DB API definition does not define this method.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="Cursor.callproc">
<!--#Cursor.callproc#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">callproc</tt><big>(</big><em>name</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>parameters=</em><span class="optional">[</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.callproc" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd>Call a procedure with the given name. The sequence of parameters must
contain one entry for each argument that the procedure expects. The result
of the call is a modified copy of the input sequence. Input parameters are
left untouched; output and input/output parameters are replaced with
possibly new values.</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="Cursor.close">
<!--#Cursor.close#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">close</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.close" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd>Close the cursor now, rather than whenever __del__ is called. The cursor
will be unusable from this point forward; an Error exception will be raised
if any operation is attempted with the cursor.</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="Cursor.connection">
<!--#Cursor.connection#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">connection</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.connection" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>This read-only attribute returns a reference to the connection object on
which the cursor was created.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">This attribute is an extension to the DB API definition but it is
mentioned in PEP 249 as an optional extension.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="data">
<dt id="Cursor.description">
<!--#Cursor.description#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">description</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.description" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>This read-only attribute is a sequence of 7-item sequences. Each of these
sequences contains information describing one result column: (name, type,
display_size, internal_size, precision, scale, null_ok). This attribute will
be None for operations that do not return rows or if the cursor has not had
an operation invoked via the execute() method yet.</p>
<p>The type will be one of the type objects defined at the module level.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="Cursor.execute">
<!--#Cursor.execute#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">execute</tt><big>(</big><em>statement</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>parameters</em><span class="optional">]</span>, <em>**keywordParameters</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.execute" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Execute a statement against the database. Parameters may be passed as a
dictionary or sequence or as keyword arguments. If the arguments are a
dictionary, the values will be bound by name and if the arguments are a
sequence the values will be bound by position.</p>
<p>A reference to the statement will be retained by the cursor. If None or the
same string object is passed in again, the cursor will execute that
statement again without performing a prepare or rebinding and redefining.
This is most effective for algorithms where the same statement is used, but
different parameters are bound to it (many times). Note that parameters that
are not passed in during subsequent executions will retain the value passed
in during the last execution that contained them.</p>
<p>For maximum efficiency when reusing an statement, it is best to use the
setinputsizes() method to specify the parameter types and sizes ahead of
time; in particular, None is assumed to be a string of length 1 so any
values that are later bound as numbers or dates will raise a TypeError
exception.</p>
<p>If the statement is a query, a list of variable objects (<a class="reference" href="variable.html#varobj"><em>Variable Objects</em></a>) will
be returned corresponding to the list of variables into which data will be
fetched with the <a title="Cursor.fetchone" class="reference" href="#Cursor.fetchone"><tt class="xref docutils literal"><span class="pre">fetchone()</span></tt></a>, <a title="Cursor.fetchmany" class="reference" href="#Cursor.fetchmany"><tt class="xref docutils literal"><span class="pre">fetchmany()</span></tt></a> and
<a title="Cursor.fetchall" class="reference" href="#Cursor.fetchall"><tt class="xref docutils literal"><span class="pre">fetchall()</span></tt></a> methods; otherwise, <tt class="xref docutils literal"><span class="pre">None</span></tt> will be returned.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="Cursor.executemany">
<!--#Cursor.executemany#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">executemany</tt><big>(</big><em>statement</em>, <em>parameters</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.executemany" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd>Prepare a statement for execution against a database and then execute it
against all parameter mappings or sequences found in the sequence
parameters. The statement is managed in the same way as the execute()
method manages it.</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="Cursor.executemanyprepared">
<!--#Cursor.executemanyprepared#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">executemanyprepared</tt><big>(</big><em>numIters</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.executemanyprepared" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Execute the previously prepared and bound statement the given number of
times. The variables that are bound must have already been set to their
desired value before this call is made. This method was designed for the
case where optimal performance is required as it comes at the expense of
compatibility with the DB API.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">The DB API definition does not define this method.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="Cursor.fetchall">
<!--#Cursor.fetchall#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">fetchall</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.fetchall" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Fetch all (remaining) rows of a query result, returning them as a list of
tuples. An empty list is returned if no more rows are available. Note that
the cursor&#8217;s arraysize attribute can affect the performance of this
operation, as internally reads from the database are done in batches
corresponding to the arraysize.</p>
<p>An exception is raised if the previous call to execute() did not produce any
result set or no call was issued yet.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="Cursor.fetchmany">
<!--#Cursor.fetchmany#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">fetchmany</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>numRows=cursor.arraysize</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.fetchmany" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Fetch the next set of rows of a query result, returning a list of tuples. An
empty list is returned if no more rows are available. Note that the cursor&#8217;s
arraysize attribute can affect the performance of this operation.</p>
<p>The number of rows to fetch is specified by the parameter. If it is not
given, the cursor&#8217;s arrysize attribute determines the number of rows to be
fetched. If the number of rows available to be fetched is fewer than the
amount requested, fewer rows will be returned.</p>
<p>An exception is raised if the previous call to execute() did not produce any
result set or no call was issued yet.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="Cursor.fetchone">
<!--#Cursor.fetchone#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">fetchone</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.fetchone" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Fetch the next row of a query result set, returning a single tuple or None
when no more data is available.</p>
<p>An exception is raised if the previous call to execute() did not produce any
result set or no call was issued yet.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="Cursor.fetchraw">
<!--#Cursor.fetchraw#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">fetchraw</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>numRows=cursor.arraysize</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.fetchraw" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Fetch the next set of rows of a query result into the internal buffers of
the defined variables for the cursor. The number of rows actually fetched is
returned. This method was designed for the case where optimal performance
is required as it comes at the expense of compatibility with the DB API.</p>
<p>An exception is raised if the previous call to execute() did not produce any
result set or no call was issued yet.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">The DB API definition does not define this method.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="attribute">
<dt id="Cursor.fetchvars">
<!--#Cursor.fetchvars#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">fetchvars</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.fetchvars" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>This read-only attribute specifies the list of variables created for the
last query that was executed on the cursor. Care should be taken when
referencing this attribute. In particular, elements should not be removed.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">The DB API definition does not define this attribute.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="attribute">
<dt id="Cursor.inputtypehandler">
<!--#Cursor.inputtypehandler#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">inputtypehandler</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.inputtypehandler" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>This read-write attribute specifies a method called for each value that is
bound to a statement executed on the cursor and overrides the attribute with
the same name on the connection if specified. The method signature is
handler(cursor, value, arraysize) and the return value is expected to be a
variable object or None in which case a default variable object will be
created. If this attribute is None, the value of the attribute with the same
name on the connection is used.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">This attribute is an extension to the DB API definition.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="Cursor.__iter__">
<!--#Cursor.__iter__#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">__iter__</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.__iter__" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns the cursor itself to be used as an iterator.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">This method is an extension to the DB API definition but it is
mentioned in PEP 249 as an optional extension.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="Cursor.next">
<!--#Cursor.next#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">next</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.next" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Fetch the next row of a query result set, using the same semantics as the
method fetchone().</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">This method is an extension to the DB API definition but it is
mentioned in PEP 249 as an optional extension.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="attribute">
<dt id="Cursor.numbersAsStrings">
<!--#Cursor.numbersAsStrings#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">numbersAsStrings</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.numbersAsStrings" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>This integer attribute defines whether or not numbers should be returned as
strings rather than integers or floating point numbers. This is useful to
get around the fact that Oracle floating point numbers have considerably
greater precision than C floating point numbers and not require a change to
the SQL being executed.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">The DB API definition does not define this attribute.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="attribute">
<dt id="Cursor.outputtypehandler">
<!--#Cursor.outputtypehandler#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">outputtypehandler</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.outputtypehandler" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>This read-write attribute specifies a method called for each value that is
to be fetched from this cursor. The method signature is
handler(cursor, name, defaultType, length, precision, scale) and the return
value is expected to be a variable object or None in which case a default
variable object will be created. If this attribute is None, the value of
the attribute with the same name on the connection is used instead.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">This attribute is an extension to the DB API definition.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="Cursor.parse">
<!--#Cursor.parse#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">parse</tt><big>(</big><em>statement</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.parse" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>This can be used to parse a statement without actually executing it (this
step is done automatically by Oracle when a statement is executed).</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">The DB API definition does not define this method.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="Cursor.prepare">
<!--#Cursor.prepare#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">prepare</tt><big>(</big><em>statement</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>tag</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.prepare" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>This can be used before a call to execute() to define the statement that
will be executed. When this is done, the prepare phase will not be performed
when the call to execute() is made with None or the same string object as
the statement. If specified (Oracle 9i and higher) the statement will be
returned to the statement cache with the given tag. See the Oracle
documentation for more information about the statement cache.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">The DB API definition does not define this method.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="attribute">
<dt id="Cursor.rowcount">
<!--#Cursor.rowcount#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">rowcount</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.rowcount" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd>This read-only attribute specifies the number of rows that have currently
been fetched from the cursor (for select statements) or that have been
affected by the operation (for insert, update and delete statements).</dd></dl>
<dl class="attribute">
<dt id="Cursor.rowfactory">
<!--#Cursor.rowfactory#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">rowfactory</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.rowfactory" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>This read-write attribute specifies a method to call for each row that is
retrieved from the database. Ordinarily a tuple is returned for each row but
if this attribute is set, the method is called with the argument tuple that
would normally be returned and the result of the method is returned instead.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">The DB API definition does not define this attribute.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="Cursor.setinputsizes">
<!--#Cursor.setinputsizes#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">setinputsizes</tt><big>(</big><em>*args</em>, <em>**keywordArgs</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.setinputsizes" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd>This can be used before a call to execute() to predefine memory areas for
the operation&#8217;s parameters. Each parameter should be a type object
corresponding to the input that will be used or it should be an integer
specifying the maximum length of a string parameter. Use keyword arguments
when binding by name and positional arguments when binding by position. The
singleton None can be used as a parameter when using positional arguments to
indicate that no space should be reserved for that position.</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="Cursor.setoutputsize">
<!--#Cursor.setoutputsize#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">setoutputsize</tt><big>(</big><em>size</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>column</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.setoutputsize" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd>This can be used before a call to execute() to predefine memory areas for
the long columns that will be fetched. The column is specified as an index
into the result sequence. Not specifying the column will set the default
size for all large columns in the cursor.</dd></dl>
<dl class="attribute">
<dt id="Cursor.statement">
<!--#Cursor.statement#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">statement</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.statement" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>This read-only attribute provides the string object that was previously
prepared with prepare() or executed with execute().</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">The DB API definition does not define this attribute.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="Cursor.var">
<!--#Cursor.var#--><tt class="descclassname">Cursor.</tt><tt class="descname">var</tt><big>(</big><em>dataType</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>size</em>, <em>arraysize</em>, <em>inconverter</em>, <em>outconverter</em><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#Cursor.var" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Create a variable associated with the cursor of the given type and
characteristics and return a variable object (<a class="reference" href="variable.html#varobj"><em>Variable Objects</em></a>). If the size is
not specified and the type is a string or binary, 4000 bytes (maximum
allowable by Oracle) is allocated; if the size is not specified and the type
is a long string or long binary, 128KB is allocated. If the arraysize is not
specified, the bind array size (usually 1) is used. The inconverter and
outconverter specify methods used for converting values to/from the
database. More information can be found in the section on variable objects.</p>
<p>This method was designed for use with PL/SQL in/out variables where the
length or type cannot be determined automatically from the Python object
passed in or for use in input and output type handlers defined on cursors
or connections.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">The DB API definition does not define this method.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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